空間の質を決めるもの | Joints to shape the social space

人と人が言葉を交わす。言葉が人と人を結ぶ。「言葉」のかわりに物でも、振舞いでも、また言葉+物+振舞いの複合でもよくて、それをあらためて広い意味の「言葉」と呼ぶことにする。言葉が人と人とのつながり–––社会–––を織り上げる。

建築家ピーター・ズントーは「空間の質はジョイントで決まる」と言った。ならば社会の質はそのジョイントである言葉によって決まるだろう。そこでブッダは、言葉に「仏法」を複合させることを考えた。それは明らかに、それまで世界に存在しなかった新しい言葉だ。人々の言語に、物や感情や天気以外に、仏法を語る語彙が混ざりはじめた。

仏々祖々嫡々相承せるはこれただ授記じゅきのみなり。さらに一法としても授記にあらざるなし。……授記は道得どうて一句なり、聞得もんて一句なり。

(諸仏諸祖が伝えてきたのはただひとつ、授記である。授記でない仏法は一つもない。……授記とは、一句なりとも言葉を道い、言葉を聞くことにほかならない。)

:正法眼蔵第二十一「授記」

「授記」とは本来、師が弟子に成仏の保証を与えることだが、その際、勿論なんらかの仏法の言葉が交わされる。道元は大胆にも「成仏の保証」を無視して、これを人と人とのジョイントの一形式とみているわけだ。

 

People communicate with words. Words works as joints connecting people. You can replace them with a complex of words, things and behaviors, which I will also call ‘words’ in a broader sense. It is precisely this complex that weaves the texture of society.

An architect Peter Zumthor once said: “The quality of a space is determined by the joints”. Then the quality of social space will be determined by its joints –– words. Buddha and his followers started a project to reshape their society’s joints by introducing words of dharma complexed with their entire behaviors. Dōgen says:

What has been transmitted between buddha and buddha, between ancestor and ancestor, is none other than confirmation. There is not a single dharma that is not confirmation…… Confirmation studied in this way is speaking one phrase, hearing one phrase, ……

: Confirmation, Ch.21 of Shōbōgenzō

‘Confirmation’ in the Buddhist tradition means a rite in which the master gives his disciple a statement that ensures his becoming a buddha. Dōgen was bold enough to disregard its confirmatory function and count it as a joint between the master and his disciple, speaking one phrase, hearing one phrase.

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